Picture 1a

 
We see a man carrying a calf. Who carries calves? Farmers or butchers (or vets). But this happens to be a farmer, by the name of Dikaiopolis.
This one little sentence introduces everything we're supposed to learn in this lesson.
ὁ Δικαιόπολις
We say: John, Peter, Mary. The Greeks say the John, the Mary etc. So:
ὁ Πέτρος, ὁ Παῦλος, ὁ Jerry etc. Try some!
By the way, the Portuguese do the same: o Paulo, a Maria, o senhor Pereira. Even the article is similar to Greek: Greek ὁ, Portuguese o, Greek ἡ, Portuguese a. (I happen to be living in Portugal, so I'll compare to Portuguese from time to time, when there is a distinct similarity between the two languages.)
 
ὁ Δικαιόπολις αὐτουργός ἐστιν
We say: he is a teacher, an American. There is no "a, an" in Greek, so just plain
αὐτουργός ἐστιν
Ἀμερικανός ἐστιν
θεός ἐστιν (a god, the Greeks had lots of them)
 
ἐστιν, φέρει
We say "he" is, "he" carries. The Greeks don't much use pronouns (I, you, he, she, it, we ...), they just put an ending to the verb. We do that only for the 3rd person singular (he,she,it): he wants, she says, it makes a loud noise. The Greeks use special endings for all of us: for me, for you , for him and her and us and them. No need for pronouns anymore, except for emphasis: to stress the fact that it is I myself, or you yourself, etc. and not some other person who is, does, wants.....
 
φέρει δὲ τὸν μόσχον
And he carries the (or: his) calf.
A tiny little problem here for people not used to cases (i.e. different forms taken by words according to their function in the sentence).
Nominative and accusative are introduced in this first lesson:
nominative: ὁ μόσχος
the calf is named as being (big, strong, pretty, black) or doing something (drinks, jumps, gambols..)
accusative: φέρει τὸν μόσχον
the calf does nothing, somebody else does: accuses it (of being heavy, greedy...), carries it, feeds it, slaughters it to eat, or to sacrifice to Jupiter, sorry, to Zeus. [ὁ Ζεῦς ἐστιν ὁ μέγιστος (most important) θεὸς τῶν Ἑλλήνων (of the Greeks), ὁ δὲ Ἰουπίτηρ ὁ μέγιστος θεὸς τῶν Ῥωμαίων (of the Romans).]
So, different endings signify a difference in function: the function of the nominative is to name (nominate). You'll learn about the different cases and their usage/function as we progress through the lessons. Get used to the idea!
 
φέρει δὲ τὸν μόσχον
When or why would he carry a calf (plain φέρει μόσχον)?
Oh look, that man is carrying a calf.
- Of course, he's going to sell it at the fair.
- Of course, he's a butcher. He's just bought it off the farmer. etc.
φέρει τὸν μόσχον makes it a specific, definite calf, one mentioned before, the calf he's just bought, making it his calf.
In other words, the definite Greek article " ὁ " may mean either "the" in English, or "my, your, his, her, our etc.". Easier than having to constantly use possessives, just use the definite article. But only if there can't be any misunderstanding of course.
 
  To remember:  

  1. We say: Peter is here. No article in English.
    The Greeks say: The Peter is here.
  2. We say: I am an energetic person.
    The Greeks say: I am energetic person. No article in Greek.
  3. We say: he sings and dances. We always use pronouns that tell us who is or does something.
    The Greeks say: Sings and dances. The verb-ending always tells us who, no need for pronouns, except for emphasis
  4. We say: I see him (not: I see he)
    The Greeks say the same, but make that difference he-subject him-object, she/her etc. also for articles, nouns and adjectives.
    So while we say: I see the farmer. The Greeks say something like: I see then farmern.
  5. We say: This is my son.
    The Greeks do the same, i.e. use possessive adjectives, but only for emphasis: mine, not someone else's. They usually say: This is the son. They use possessives rather more sparingly.
 
  New words.  

The English is given so that you know what pictures you are supposed to consider with your mind's eye when reading the Greek. And it doesn't matter if you don't remember all of them right away. Just repeat them a couple of times thinking of what they actually stand for in real life. And remember where you came across them. For future reference:
 
ὁ αὐτουργός, the farmer
ἐστιν, he, she, it is
φέρει, he, she , it carries
δέ, and, but
ὁ θεός, god
ὁ μόσχος, the calf (he-form)
τὸν μόσχον, the calf (him-form)