New
Nothing new, really:
We can still only talk about what he, she or it does. Nothing about ourselves yet. Don't fret, that'll come.
So we have in English: he or she or it does, runs, rushes, goes
and in Greek λέγει, κάμνει, στενάζει, φιλεῖ and ἐστιν.
And we now know how to say HIM: I see him, call him, accuse him [that's where the name of the case: accusative, comes from, accusing him, her, them, us, everybody], or seeing, hitting, loving .. αὐτόν .
Things ending in -ος when named, are also called he in Greek, and become him in the accusative. They're not "it". τὸ δένδρον is "it", so is τὸ ἕρμα, but neither ὀ οἶκος, nor
ὁ βίος, nor ὁ πόνος, ὁ κλῆρος, ὁ ἀγρός, ... are "it", they are all "masculine he - him".
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φιλεῖ αὐτόν |
(he, she, it) loves him |
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αἴρει αὐτόν |
picks it up (the stone, masculine ὁ λίθος => τὸν λίθον) |
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φέρει αὐτόν |
carries him or it (a stone i.e.) |
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γεωργεῖ αὐτόν |
cultivates it (the farm, masculine ὁ κλῆρος, τὸν κλῆρον ) |
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