Other cases:
1st and 2nd person plural are straightforward, but in the singular ancient Greek has 2 forms:
- one emphatic in speech and therefore accented in writing (to reflect this oral emphasis)
- one neutral, unemphatic in speech and therefore unaccented and enclitic in writing.
|
Singular |
|
Plural |
|
emphatic |
|
neutral |
emphatic as well as neutral |
|
1st |
2nd |
|
1st |
2nd |
1st |
2nd |
nom. |
Who?
| ἐγώ |
σύ |
|
ἡμεῖς |
ὑμεῖς |
gen. |
Whose? |
ἐμοῦ |
σοῦ |
μου |
σου |
ἡμῶν |
ὑμῶν |
dat. |
To whom? |
ἐμοῖ |
σοῖ |
μοι |
σοι |
ἡμῖν |
ὑμῖν |
acc. |
Whom? |
ἐμέ |
σέ |
με |
σε |
ἡμᾶς |
ὑμᾶς |
Why do we use/not use the pronouns in the following?
- οἰκῶ ὲν τοῖς ἀγροῖς.
- ἐγὼ μὲν οἰκῶ ἐν τῇ Εὐρώπῃ, ὑμεῖς δὲ ἐν τῇ Ἀμερικῇ.
- σὺ δὲ ἄοκνος εἶ. Remember Dikaiopolis being energetic, not shirking work (in Greek: to work): οὐκ ὀκνεῖ πονεῖν)
- οἰκοῦμεν ἐν οἰκίαις, οὐκ οἰκοῦμεν ἐν ἄντροις. (caverns, at least most of us don't any more).
- οἱ κύονες ὑλακτοῦσιν, ἡμεῖς δὲ οὔ. (except very occasionally)
- ἐγὼ μὲν σε βλέπω, σὺ δὲ οὐ προσέχεις τὸν νοῦν. (you don't pay attention)
- σὲ μὲν ὁρῶ, αὐτὸν δὲ οὔ.
- ἡ μήτηρ οὐ σοῖ, ἀλλὰ ἐμοῖ νῦν γε παρέχει τὸ δεῖπνον, τί δὴ οὐχ ἥσυχος μένεις ὀλίγον χρόνον. δι' ὀλίγου μέλλει φέρειν τὸ δεῖπνον καὶ σοῖ.
- ὁ λαγὼς με ὁρᾷ καὶ φεύγει ἀπ' ἐμοῦ.
- συλλαμβάνομεν (βοηθοῦμεν) ὑμῖν.
- συλλάμβανε (βοήθει) ἡμῖν.
- ἡμεῖς μὲν συλλαμβάνομεν (βοηθοῦμεν) ὑμῖν, τί δὴ οὐ συλλαμβάνετε καὶ ἡμῖν ὑμεῖς;
- οἱ μὲν κύονες σῖτον λαμβάνουσιν ἀφ' ἡμῶν, φυλάττουσιν γὰρ οἴκους τε καὶ πρόβατα. (Why ἀφ' ?)
- δῶρα (gifts) ἀφ' ἡμῶν ὑμῖν, καὶ ἡμῖν ἀφ' ὑμῶν.
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