νικάω I win, am victorious, vanquish, defeat Easy to remember νικάω, νικῶ. Nike sports equipment makes us victorious, gives us "victory" : ἡ νίκη, τῆς νίκης
Present Indicative |
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Contract verbs |
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Contractions |
I win |
νικά-ω |
=> |
νικῶ |
|
ά + ω => ῶ |
you (sg.) win
he/she/it wins |
νικά-εις
νικά-ει |
=>
=> |
νικᾷς
νικᾷ |
|
ά + ει => ᾷ |
we win |
νικά-ομεν |
=> |
νικῶμεν |
|
ά + ο => ῶ |
you (pl.) win |
νικά-ετε |
=> |
νικᾶte |
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ά + ε => ᾶ |
they win |
νικά-ουσιν |
=> |
νικῶσιν |
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ά + ου => ῶ |
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Imperative |
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Contract verbs |
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Contractions |
eh you, win! |
νίκα-ε |
=> |
νίκᾱ |
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α + ε => ᾱ |
(you all) win! |
νικά-ετε |
=> |
νικᾶτε |
|
ά + ε => ᾶ |
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Infinitive |
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Contract verbs |
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Contractions |
to win |
νικά-ειν |
=> |
νικᾶν |
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ά + ε => ᾶ * |
* Note
This looks like a mistake, but it isn't. It is because the infinitive ending ειν is actually a contraction itself of ε + ε becoming ει.
So we get a double contraction,
first stem νικά + ε + εν
becomes νικά + εν
becomes νικᾶν
The same does happen with -ε contractions, though it looks like there was just one normal contraction of έ + ειν becoming εῖν. For the simple reason that:
πονέ + ε + εν
first becomes πονεί, then + εν becomes πονεῖν
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