-μι Verbs
Active Present Participles
As with all nouns (present participles count as nouns, whereas middle/passive participles are considered adjectives in Greek grammar) the stem is found depriving the genitive form of its 3rd declension genitive ending -ος.
To this stem is added -ς for masculine
To this stem is added -σα for feminine
To this stem is added nothing for neuter.
of the person giving |
τοῦ διδόντος |
masculine
femine
neuter |
διδόντς
διδόντσα
διδόντ |
But now we've run into a problem: there is not such thing as words ending in -τ.
Cf τὸ ὄνομα, τοῦ ὀνόματ-ος, stem ὄνοματ: end -τ was dropped, purely and simply.
Next Greek idiosyncracy: the combination -ντ is dropped before σ and the preceding vowel is lengthened according to the following pattern:
ο lengthens to ου
ε lengthens to ει
α lengthens to ᾱ
So now we can correct the above table:
of the person giving |
τοῦ διδόντος |
masculine
femine
neuter |
διδόντς
διδόντσα
διδόντ |
διδούς
διδοῦσα
διδόν |
Next, the other -μι verb participles.
I said, the stem vowel is short, so we have:
verb | stem | change of stress/pitch | present participle |
τίθημι |
τίθε- |
τιθέντος |
masculine
femine
neuter |
τιθέντς
τιθέντσα
τιθέντ |
τιθείς
τιθεῖσα
τιθέν |
ἱήμι |
ἱε- |
ἱέντος |
masculine
femine
neuter |
ἱέντς
ἱέντσα
ἱέντ |
ἱείς
ἱεῖσα
ἱέν |
ἵστημι |
ἵστα- |
ἱστάντος |
masculine
femine
neuter |
ἱστάντς
ἱστάντσα
ἱστάντ |
ἱστάς
ἱστᾶσα
ἱστάν |
δείκνῡμι |
δείκνυ- |
δεικνύντος |
masculine
femine
neuter |
δεικνύντς
δεικνύντσα
δεικνύντ |
δεικνύς
δεικνῦσα
δεικνύν |
- Note
- The masculine participles ἱστάς (as well as στάς aorist participle) and δεικνύς should have a macron indicating their length, but Unicode fonts don't like a combination macron+accent, so just imagine it's there, even if invisible like the Cheshire cat.
The aorist active participles of -μι verbs δίδωμι, τίθημι, ἵεμι and ἵστημι (intransitive only, i.e. stopping oneself) and compounds are the same as the present participle, minus the stem reduplication/extension of course:
verb | active participle |
present | aorist |
δίδωμι τίθημι ἵημι ἵστημι |
διδούς, διδοῦσα, διδόν τιθείς, τιθεῖσα, τιθέν ἱείς, ἱεῖσα, ἱέν ἱστάς, ἱστᾶσα,ἱστάν |
δούς, δοῦσα, δόν θείς, θεῖσα, θέν εἵς, εἷσα, ἕν στάς, στᾶσα, στάν |
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