Lesson 6b: Second paragraph

Translation paragraph 2

Words for paragraph 2

ἐν μὲν τῇ ἀριστερᾷ.... ἐν δὲ τῇ δεξιᾷ

in his left hand... whereas in his right...
ambidextrous, being able to use the left hand with as much dexterity as the right one,
does not come from Greek δεξιός but from Latin ambo meaning both, and dexter meaning right. But near enough to help remember that δεξιός means right, so ἀριστερός must mean left.
Where does a left-handed person hold his tennis racquet? -
ἆρ' ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ; ἆρ' ἐν τῇ ἀριστερᾷ;
Where do most people hold their spoon?
Guess: ποῦ ἔχω ἐγὼ τὴν μάχαιραν;
In which hand do you hold your toothbrush?
And where does Melitta in lesson 4 carry her jar (the one she drops)?
ἆρ' ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ ;  ἆρ' ἐν τῇ ἀριστερᾷ;
οὔτε ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ , οὺ̓́τε ἐν τῇ ἀριστερᾷ, ἀλλὰ ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ
 

προχωρεῖ εἰς τὸν σκότον 

he advances into the dark, valiantly ἀνδρείως even
οὐ φοβεῖται τὸν σκότον
πολλοὶ παῖδες φοβοῦνται τὸν σκότον
ἆρ' φοβεῖ τὸν σκότον καὶ σύ;  do you personally fear dark places?
All sorts of things lurk  ἐν τῷ σκότῳ 
and when they go bump ἐν τῷ σκότῳ φοβούμεθα πολύ  well most of us, anyway.
Oh, sorry, nearly forgot all about
προχωρέω I advance, go forward
The prefix προ means "in front, before;"
So now we have:
προσχωρῶ τίνι I go up to, approach somebody or something, lesson 3a
προχωρῶ εἰς... I go forward into...
Think of places to go forward into (tunnels, caves, restaurants etc.) And it doesn't have to be you personally, vary the forms using
οἱ λύκοι, ὁ κύων, ἐγὼ καὶ ἡ γυνή....
The best way to get a real feeling for the difference between 2 words is thinking of people going up to, and then either forward into or not, according to your imagination. The elephant approaches your house, and then advances swiftly into your garden and tramples all of your garden gnomes. Good riddance!
Who only approaches towards (without entering, without pro-ceeding)? and who advances, goes forward, pro-ceeds, pro-gresses?
Only 'up to, towards' is  προς
pro-ceding further is προ 
 

ἡ γὰρ ἀνάγκη αὐτοὺς ἔχει

Why do his companions ἕπονται αὐτῷ;
Because they want to? No, they have to, they're compelled to by fear.
See, in lesson 6a: ἀναγκάζω I force, compel
Fear ἀναγκάζει αὐτούς, fear leads to that compelling necessity,
ἡ ἀνάγκη to stay close to brave Theseus.
Why do people work? They have to, for a living.
ἡ ἀνάγκη ἔχει αὐτούς
And why are some people workaholics? Same reason, they're driven
ἡ ἀνάγκη ἔχει αὐτούς
 

μακρὰν οὖν ὁδὸν πορεύονται

so they journey a long road = they go far
Remember: ἡ ὁδός, ἡ νῆσος, ἡ παρθένος...
ἡ χαλεπὴ ὁδός,
ἡ καλὴ νῆσος
πορεύονται ἀνὰ τὴν ὁδόν  up the road
poreu/ontai κατὰ τὴν ὁδόν  and down again
 πορεύονται ἀνὰ ὄρη march up hills
Hannibal's elephants πορεύονται ἀνὰ τὰ ὄρη Alps ονόματι 
ἀλλὰ hardly any of them πορεύονται κατὰ τὰ ὄρη 
διότι they perish in all that ice and snow.
I use the present because I see them travelling in my mind and because
ἡ ἀνάγκη με ἔχει, because we haven't learnt the simple past yet.
Do you like to πορεύεσθαι μακρὰν ὁδόν or does that κατατρίβει ὑμᾶς; wear you out (all of you, you and your friends...), lesson 1b, Dikaiopolis needing a rest, why? - φλέγει γὰρ ὁ ἥλιος καὶ κατατρίβει αὐτόν. Review here
 

πολλάκις μὲν τρέπονται they often turn

but the μὲν already tells us that this is not all, they not only turn, they do other things as well
ἐν τῷ λαβυρίνθῳ εἰσίν, and a labyrinth being a maze, lots of twists and turns are to be expected.
When we hear noises ἐπεὶ δὲ ἀκούομεν ψόφους ὄπισθεν behind, lesson2, slave behind master scattering seeds
τρεπόμεθα asking: τί τό; τί γίγνεται; what's happening?
We had, in lesson 5b, ὁ λύκος ἀναστρέφει  so as to ἀποφεύγειν
Very similar in meaning:
τρέπομαι      ἀναστρέφω
τρέπεσθαι    ἀναστρέφειν
When I'm cross with cat Ubi he just τρέπεται καὶ ἀπέρχεται, tail straight in the air, slightly hooked at the tip to say: ὦ φιλέ, μὴ οὕτω χαλεπὸς ἴσθι (lesson 2a)
 

μάλα δεινῶς βρυχᾶται he roars most terrifyingly

ὁ δεινὸς λύκος δεινὸν θόρυβον ποιεῖ,  δεινῶς βρυχᾶται 
a person usually βοᾷ, οὐ βρυχᾶται we leave that to beasts
τὰ μὲν θηρία βρυχᾶται singular!, group rather than individuals!
οἱ δὲ ἄνθρωποι βοῶσιν 
only occasionally do they βρυχῶνται. Think of martial arts, soldiers in ancient times, sergeants in the army...
 

ἐνταῦθα δὴ τὸν τῶν ποδῶν ψόφον ἀκούουσιν

lesson 3 φεῦ τοῦ ποδός ouch, my foot
the foot  ὁ ποῦς, τοῦ ποδός 
the 5 toes of τοῦ δεξιοῦ μου ποδός
plus the 5 of τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ μου ποδός
give me the use of all 10 toes τῶν ποδῶν .
Oops, that's a mistake, the Greeks had a special form called "dual" for 2. They didn't count like us 1, many but 1, 2, many. So here it should actually be:
τοῖν ποδοῖν  of my two feet.
Don't bother your head about the form, just keep in mind that there is such a thing as a funny form called "dual".
Even the patter  μικρῶν ποδῶν of tiny little feet might have frightened them,
but here the heavy thump, thump of  τῶν τοῦ θηρίου ποδῶν  (or, using this dual: τοῖν τοῦ θηρίου ποδοῖν) scared them witless.
They would have liked to ἀναστρέφειν καί ἀποφεύγειν,
ἀλλὰ ἡ ἀνάγκη to stay close to their hero αὐτοὺς ἔχει 
and they  μένουσιν.  But it gets worse.
 

τὸ τοῦ θηρίου πνεῦμα ὀσφραίνονται

they smell the breath of the beast
τὸ πνεῦμα is easy: pneumonia, the inflammation of lungs comes from the Greek word for "lung "
ὁ πνεύμων, τοῦ πνεύμονος
τὸ ἡμέτερον πνεῦμα comes from our lungs (ἀπὸ τῶν ἡμετέρων πνευμόνων)
A pneumatic drill is driven by compressed air.
But the Greek adjective πνευματικός,-ή,-όν means: spiritual, divine!
Because τὸ πνεῦμα, τοῦ πνεύματος refers to: air, wind; breath; life; mind; spirit or spiritual being. And the Holy Spirit (Ghost)!
ὀσφραίνομαι  flowers rather than τὸ τοῦ κυνὸς πνεῦμα 
the poor thing has halitosis (a word derived from Latin)
The devil appears, then disappears in a puff of smoke
καὶ ὀσφραινόμεθα sulphur. Apparently, according to old lore.
dogs forever ὀσφραίνονται things, some of them rather unappetizing
τί ὀσφραίνει ; οἴμοι, ὦ Ζεῦ  my cake in the oven!
 

δεινῶς δὴ βρυχᾶται

he roars very terrifyingly indeed (obviously, being a beast) and so:
μάλα δὴ φοβοῦνται indeed, they are obviously afraid
Little words like δή have to be met often and in a variety of situations for their meaning to become clear.
Somebody says something obvious, it's δή indeed.
 

ἐπὶ τὸν Θησέα ὁρμᾶται

rushes against Theseus, throws himself onto Theseus.
Lesson 5b, picture ὁ Ἄργος ὁρμᾶ ἐπὶ τὸν λύκον 
ὁρμᾶ καὶ ὁρμᾶται are sort of synonyms,
like active: rushes against or middle voice: flings himself onto